Detection of amount and activity of living algae in fresh water by dehydrogenase activity (DHA)

A study was performed to determine the amount and activity of living algae in fresh water by measuring the dehydrogenase activity (DHA) of algae in order to provide a method to assess the effect of algicide treatment. The conditions of measurement were researched with respect to incubating temperature and duration, and selection of extractants. The comparison between this method and an alternative method, chlorophyll a, shows that this method is simple and easy to practice, and can determine the effect of algicide treatment.     

Ru-TiO2光电极对亚甲基蓝的光电催化降解

采用阳极氧化法制备Ru—TiO2光电极，以该电极为工作电极，石墨作对电极，饱和甘汞电极为参比电极，对亚甲基蓝溶液的光电催化降解进行了研究。结果表明：煅烧温度600oC，掺杂1％Ru的Ru-TiO2光电极催化活性最好；以紫外灯（125W）为光源，当外加偏压0．2V，pH为5时，Ru-TiO2光电催化亚甲基蓝120min可使其完全脱色；亚甲基蓝的光电催化降解遵从Langmuir—Hinshelwood动力学模型，测得其反应速率常数k：0．781mmol／（L·min），吸附常数K=0．225L／mmol。     

高锰酸钾氧化吸收烟气中单质汞的研究

在鼓泡反应器中考察了高锰酸钾氧化单质汞(Hg0)的影响因素和机理，研究结果表明，KMnO4和Hg0的反应很快，去除率随KMnO4增加而增加；汞的进口浓度对汞的去除率影响不大；随pH值的升高汞的去除率先降低后增加，在强酸性(pH=0)下Hg0去除率最大，为92.4％，当pH值超过11随pH值的升高而增加。在不同酸碱体系中...     

Management of municipal solid waste in the Three Gorges region

As the fourth phase of the Three Gorges reservoir project commenced in 2008, the rate of water flow in the Yangtze River has obviously decelerated further downstream and water clarity within the storage facility has decreased. Meanwhile, the rate of urbanization in the region is adding to the amount of municipal solid waste (MSW) being generated by every day life. The composition of the waste is becoming more diversified and complicated, thereby presenting an increasing threat to the ecological environment and water resources of the Three Gorges region. This paper is a probe into MSW in terms of its characteristics as well as methods of storage, collection, transportation, recycling, treatment and disposal, the protection of environmental ecosystems. Municipal solid waste management (MSWM) is one of the major environmental problems in the Three Gorges region, and indeed the whole of China. Based on the analysis of the present situation of MSWM and its treatment/disposal, some methods of sorting, recycling, decomposing, incineration and reuse are described, sanitary landfill as the main disposal method in Chongqing city, incineration being the second. Sanitary landfill or dump was also used for MSW treatment in the Three Gorges region, and this paper also provides some suggestions for improving MSWM in the Three Gorges region.     

创建机关ISO 14001环境管理体系探析

围绕天津市环境保护局创建机关ISO14001环境管理体系过程中的环境因素识别这一核心问题，进行了深入研究和探讨，并对体系的概况，特点和创建体系的意义等进行了概述和分析，为全国环保机关建立ISO14001环境管理体系提供了借鉴。     

微弧氧化溶液pH值对ZM5膜层性能研究

目的 扩大镁合金的应用范围，增强其耐蚀性。方法 取镁合金ZM5为研究对象，利用微弧氧化技术对其表面进行改性处理。首先，对ZM5合金基体进行前处理；然后，在不同pH值的电解质溶液中，通过微弧氧化的方式在ZM5表面原位生长一层微弧氧化陶瓷膜层；最后，利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射、电化学测试等表征技术，系统研究微弧氧化处理对ZM5合金表面形貌、元素组成、微观结构及性能的影响规律。结果 通过调节溶液的pH，能够有效制备出表面连续而且完整的微弧氧化膜层，在pH=11条件下，制备的膜层具有较好的耐蚀性，能显著降低其腐蚀电流密度，膜层的厚度达到35.1 μm，微弧氧化表面处理技术能够显著提高镁合金的表面硬度，硬度最大为582HV。结论 改变溶液pH能够使膜层具有较高的耐蚀性和有效提高表面硬度，为进一步扩大镁合金在军用装备上的应用提供可能性。     

注水顶代处置液烃罐体的泄漏

液烃燃料罐泄漏酿成事故时,向罐内强制连续注水,使水占据罐内下部空间,使泄漏物低害或无害化,以得到紧急处理事故的时间,创造抢险的条件。本措施易于进行,可用于现场管道和设施的接口实施,亦可供罐区安全设计时参考。     

Effect of lead on the sorption of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol on soil and peat

The effect of lead on the sorption of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) on soil and peat was investigated using a batch equilibration method. Lead markedly diminished the sorption of 2,4,6-TCP, and 2,4,6-TCP had little effect on lead sorption. Peat was a more effective adsorbent for 2,4,6-TCP than soil. The desorption hysteresis of 2,4,6-TCP verified the presence of high-energy sorption sites. Mechanisms of lead suppression effect on the 2,4,6-TCP sorption included the following: Firstly, lead accelerated the aggregation of colloids, the aggregates covered the surface in part and shrunk the pore sizes of the adsorbents, hence decreased the sorption of 2,4,6-TCP. Secondly, X-ray absorption and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy study suggested that lead competed with 2,4,6-TCP for carboxylic, phenolic and Si-OH groups of organic matter and clay minerals. Such competition was partly responsible for the overall suppression effect of lead on the sorption of 2,4,6-TCP.     

一起110kV整体预制干式电缆终端故障分析

对某故障的110kV整体预制干式电缆终端进行检测、解体分析,结合其运维状况判断其在安装完毕后未进行可靠固定,以致在外力作用下发生摆动、弯曲致应力锥移位,从而造成电缆绝缘屏蔽断口处局部场强过高而发生击穿,针对故障原因对整体预制干式电缆终端的质量控制提出了建议。     

PEF技术在污泥厌氧消化处理中的应用研究

高压脉冲电场技术作为新型的污泥厌氧消化预处理手段,被国外学者广泛关注。高压脉冲电场可有效改善污泥的理化性质,提高污泥中溶解性物质的浓度,强化污泥的厌氧消化过程和产甲烷效率,并且可以作为外加的电子供体用于反硝化脱氮,但是其处理效果受多种因素的影响,只有在各因素协调配合的条件下,对污泥的预处理效果才能达到最佳。鉴于国内PEF技术在污泥预处理过程中的应用研究尚处于萌芽阶段,通过查阅大量的国内外文献,着重介绍了高压脉冲电场处理污泥的作用机理,分析了各个反应器控制参数对高压脉冲电场污泥预处理效果的影响。在今后的研究工作中应针对其作用机理、影响因素及相关运行设备进行更加深入的探讨研发,为实际生产工作提供科学指导依据。